By Doug Jimerson
When you think about it, perennial flowers have a lot in common with the gardeners who tend
them. They work hard year after year, doing their best to stay healthy and vigorous, but every once in a while they need
a little boost to keep them in top form. A quick trip to an exotic location perks up a weary gardener, but a perennial
prefers to stay closer to home and get a makeover with a fork and spade. Your perennials will have a new lease on life
after you’ve divided overgrown clumps into smaller pieces. Here’s how and when to divide your favorite perennials.
Renew and Refresh Perennial Flowers
Over time, most perennials need to be divided. The difference is that some perennials, such as peonies, can go more than
a decade without being divided, while others, such as chrysanthemums or ornamental grasses, like to be dug and separated
every couple of years. But, because all plants and gardens are different, it’s best to let your plants tell you when
they need to be divided.
The first thing to do is check to see if the center of your plant is beginning to die
out. Ornamental grasses, iris, and chrysanthemums are three examples of perennials that, as they get older, will slowly
die in the center, leaving a ring of healthy growth around their perimeters. If you see a large circle of dead growth in
the middle of your plant, that perennial is telling you it needs to be divided.
Lack of flower production is
another indication that your perennial is getting a bit tired. Peonies and daylilies, for example, will continue to look
healthy, but over time they’ll have fewer blooms – or even stop flowering completely. If you have older clumps of
perennials that no longer bloom you should consider dividing those plants to give them a new lease on life.
Choose a Season
Perennials are best divided in the very early spring when they are just breaking dormancy or late summer after they have stopped flowering and begin looking a bit ragged. Avoid disturbing perennials when they are forming flower buds or are in bloom. Good candidates for early spring division include the following:
- Chrysanthemum
- Ornamental grass
- Phlox
- Salvia
- Sedum
In the late summer and fall, divide
In cold climates be sure to divide your plants at least 6 weeks before the first expected frost in your area. This will give the new divisions enough time to establish roots before the ground freezes
Hostas and daylilies can be divided at almost any time.Dig and Divide
Here is how you divide a perennial:Estimated Time
- 20 minutes
Materials
- Garden fork or spade
- Pruning shears
- Knife
Step 1: Dig Around the Plant
Take your fork or spade and dig deeply around the circumference of the plant leaving as much soil around the roots as you can.
Step 2: Lift Plant from Ground
Gently lift the entire plant out of the ground and place it in a wheelbarrow or on a potting bench where you can handle it easily.
Step 3: Snip Off Dead and Divide
Use your pruning shears to clip away the dead and dying foliage. After that, take your knife or sharp spade and begin cutting the plant into smaller sections, making sure each section has at least several sets of leaves and an attached root system. Toss away any dead you find.
Step 4: Replant Divisions
Replant the divisions as soon as possible. If you have extra divisions, pot them up and give them away to friends and family. After all the divisions are replanted, water thoroughly and mulch the area to minimize weed competition. By next year or two each new division will produce a fresh bouquet of blooms.
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